Histological and immunohistochemical profile of lymphocytic duodenitis and features of local immune reactions
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Lymphocytic enteritis is characterised by abnormal infiltration of intraepithelial lymphocytes in the intestinal mucosa. It was described as duodenal lymphocytosis or lymphocytic duodenitis. Nowadays, lymphocytic enteritis represents a common feature of several gluten-mediated and non-gluten-related diseases. The most frequent causes of lymphocytic enteritis are gluten-related disorders (celiac disease, non-celiac gluten sensitivity), Helicobacter pylori infection and drug-related damages. Less frequently, lymphocytic enteritis may be secondary to autoimmune conditions, immunoglobulin deficiencies, bacterial and viral infections and irritable bowel syndrome. Therefore, the differential diagnosis of lymphocytic enteritis may be challenging.
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