Harmonic Resonance Study in HV Network

Modern power systems are undergoing rapid transformation amid the increasing integration of renewable energy sources, particularly wind and solar power. These sources often rely on inverter-based technologies, which interface with the electrical grid through power electronic converters and generate harmonic signals across a range of frequency orders. The study of high-frequency harmonics becomes especially important when renewable energy sources are connected at high-voltage transmission or sub-transmission levels. In such cases, in addition to contaminating the electrical system with harmonics, the risk of harmonic resonance within the power network increases significantly, which can adversely affect grid stability and power quality. Therefore, it is critically important to conduct an in-depth analysis of the frequency characteristics, complex impedances, and potential resonant points of the high-voltage network. Such analysis will facilitate the timely identification of risks associated with harmonic phenomena and enable the selection of optimal mitigation and suppression strategies to ensure the stability and quality of power delivery amid the growing integration of renewable energy.

Harmonic resonance occurs when the frequency of harmonic components coincides with the natural resonant frequency of the electrical network. Such frequency alignment leads to the amplification of harmonic amplitudes, which can ultimately result in damage to system components.

An additional complexity arises from the decentralized nature of renewable generation. Traditional centralized power plants typically exhibit stable and predictable impedance characteristics, making them easier to analyze and model. Unfortunately, this is not the case with rapidly fluctuating renewable energy sources. These resources are widely distributed across different regions and have variable output, leading to dynamic shifts in the generated frequency spectra and grid impedance topologies. Consequently, predicting and managing harmonic resonance phenomena in real time becomes significantly more challenging.

It is worth noting that the present study is part of an ongoing, complex, and multidimensional analysis. Due to the technical complexity of the subject and the dynamic nature of the power system, the authors are continuing their work through expanded data collection, refinement of frequency-domain models, and detailed system simulations to achieve more accurate and applicable results. The continuation of the research aims to develop tools for the prevention of harmonic resonance, plan optimal filtering strategies, and validate these approaches within modeled environments. The ultimate goal of this study is to establish practical methods and approaches that enable the safe integration of renewable energy sources into the power system with minimal technical risk and maximum efficiency.