Dynamics of immunocompetent cell distribution in duodenitis and celiac disease
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Celiac disease is an immune-mediated systemic disease caused by the ingestion of gluten and related prolamins in genetically sensitised individuals and characterised by various combinations of small intestinal lesions. Our study aimed to study the distribution of immunocompetent cells in celiac disease and other duodenitis. Within the framework of the study, a cohort retrograde study was carried out, for which archival material of the teaching-scientific and diagnostic laboratory of Tbilisi State Medical University for the years 2017-2024 was used. Based on the results of our study, the lymphoepithelial index may be used as a more accurate criterion of the degree of damage in celiac disease as well as a risk factor for progression, requiring more in-depth additional studies. AgNOR's additional staining method may assess the crypts' regeneration degree. Therefore, it can be used as an auxiliary criterion to evaluate the progression of celiac disease. In particular, assessing proliferative activity in the crypt epithelium, thus determining the degree of regeneration, maybe a more accurate marker of damage and progression. Digital assistants such as Qupath may be used to objectively assess the number of infiltrating lymphocytes and the degree of regeneration.
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