Features of epithelial-mesenchymal transformation and distribution of stem cells during Endometrial ciliary/tubal metaplasia
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Metaplasia is an adaptive process in which one tissue is transformed into another tissue that is functionally and morphologically different. The most common type of metaplasia in the endometrium is ciliary/tubal metaplasia. Although the immunophenotype of ciliary/tubal metaplasia in the cervix is well studied, there are very few studies related to endometrial metaplasia. There is no reliable clinical evidence that tubal metaplasia is a precursor to serous carcinoma. It is highly likely that the precursor may be a highly differentiated endometrioid carcinoma with extensive ciliary changes. In the progression of endometrial pathologies, the role of epithelial-mesenchymal transformation is not completely clear. Epithelial-mesenchymal transformation is also a probable cause of endometrioid-type carcinomas. Within the framework of our research, a cohort retrograde study was carried out, for which archival material of the teaching-scientific and diagnostic laboratory of Tbilisi State Medical University was used. Overall, the study included a total of 315 non-fixed formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) cases. Our study showed that the expression analysis of E-cadherin showed that its expression was significantly decreased in the study groups, in contrast to the study groups without metaplasia, indicating the independent behavior and importance of ciliary as well as atypical ciliary metaplasia in endometrial carcinogenesis. Beta-catenin expression in ciliary metaplasia, as well as in atypical ciliary metaplasia, increases progressively with the development of atypical processes in the endometrium. Accordingly, vimentin can be used as an independent molecular marker for monitoring tubal metaplasia. A lower significance of P53-dependent carcinogenesis was observed in endometrial neoplastic processes, in contrast to serous carcinoma, where P53 expression is significantly higher.
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