რეცეპტორების ფარმაკოლოგია და მედიკამენტების ძიების მოლეკულური მექანიზმები: კლინიკური ფარმაკოლოგიის, ფარმაკოდინამიკის, ფარმაკოკინეტიკის, ფარმაკოთერაპიის, ფარმაკოგენომიკის, სამკურნალო საშუალებების თერაპიული მონიტორინგის, მტკიცებულებებზე დაფუძნებული და პერსო
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52340/spectri.2026.13.01.05საკვანძო სიტყვები:
რეცეპტორების ფარმაკოლოგია, მედიკამენტების აღმოჩენა, G-ცილასთან დაკავშირებული რეცეპტორები, სიგნალის ტრანსდუქცია, აგონისტი, ინტეგრირებული ფარმაკოლოგიაანოტაცია
რეცეპტორები წარმოადგენს დინამიკურ მაკრომოლეკულებს, რომლებიც ქიმიურ სიგნალებს ბიოლოგიურ პასუხებად გარდაქმნიან და თანამედროვე ფარმაკოთერაპიის ძირითად სამიზნეებს წარმოადგენენ. სტატიაში განხილულია რეცეპტორული ფარმაკოლოგიის თანამედროვე კონცეფციები და მათი გამოყენება სამკურნალო საშუალებების აღმოჩენისა და განვითარების პროცესში. რეცეპტორებით ინდუცირებული სიგნალის ტრანსდუქცია გაანალიზებულია რეცეპტორების ძირითად ოჯახებში, მათ შორის G-ცილასთან შეწყვილებულ რეცეპტორებში, ლიგანდ-გააქტიურებად და ძაბვით-გააქტიურებად იონურ არხებში, ბირთვულ რეცეპტორებსა და რეცეპტორულ ტიროზინკინაზებში. განსაკუთრებული ყურადღებაა გამახვილებული მეორეულ მესენჯერებზე, კინაზურ კასკადებსა და მათ მიერ ინიცირებულ ტრანსკრიფციულ პროცესებზე. კლასიკური რეცეპტორული თეორია განხილულია თანამედროვე გაფართოებულ კონცეფციებთან ერთად, რომლებიც მოიცავს რეცეპტორის ეფექტურობას, კონსტიტუციურ აქტივობას, რეცეპტორულ რეზერვს, ალოსტერიულ მოდულაციასა და მიკერძოებულ აგონიზმს. უჯრედშიდა სიგნალის გავრცელება განხილულია როგორც ქსელური დონის ფენომენი, რომელსაც განსაზღვრავს სიგნალიზაციის გზებს შორის ურთიერთქმედება, უკუკავშირით რეგულაცია, სკაფოლდ-ცილები და კომპარტმენტალიზებული სიგნალიზაცია, რაც ქმნის ქსელური ფარმაკოლოგიის კონცეპტუალურ საფუძველს. ასევე განხილულია პრეპარატების აღმოჩენის სტრატეგიები, დაწყებული სამიზნის იდენტიფიკაციითა და ვალიდაციით, მაღალი გამტარუნარიანობისა და ფენოტიპური სკრინინგით, სტრუქტურაზე დაფუძნებული და ფრაგმენტზე დაფუძნებული დიზაინით და დასრულებული კომპიუტაციური მიდგომებით, სამკურნალო ქიმიის ოპტიმიზაციითა და რეზისტენტობის, ტოლერანტობისა და ტრანსლაციური რისკის მართვით. განხილულია ახალი თაობის ფარმაკოლოგიური ჯგუფები — ალოსტერული მოდულატორები, აგონისტები, მიზანმიმართული ცილების დეგრადატორები (PROTACs), მოლეკულური „წებოები“ (molecular glues) და კოვალენტური ინჰიბიტორები — აგრეთვე რეცეპტორული ფარმაკოლოგიის ინტეგრაცია სისტემურ ბიოლოგიასთან, ბიომარკერებზე ორიენტირებულ თერაპიასა და პერსონალიზებულ მედიცინასთან. მიმოხილვის დასკვნით, რეცეპტორული ფარმაკოლოგიის შემდგომი პროგრესი დამოკიდებული იქნება არა მხოლოდ სამიზნესთან მაქსიმალური აფინობის მიღწევაზე, არამედ რეცეპტორის კონფორმაციული მდგომარეობების, სიგნალიზაციის გზების სელექტიურობისა და ქსოვილოვანი კონტექსტის მიზანმიმართულ კონტროლზე.
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63. Arabidze K, Gogokhia I, Sokhadze K, Kintsurashvili N, Tsiklauri M, Taboridze I, et al. THE EVALUATION OF THE RISK OF COMPLICATIONS DURING MULTIMODAL AND OPIOID ANESTHESIA IN BARIATRIC SURGERY AND ABDOMINOPLASTY. Georgian Med News. 2023 Dec;(345):67-76.
64. Kacharava T, Giorgadze E, Janjgava S, Lomtadze N, Taboridze I. Correlation between vitamin B12 deficiency and autoimmune thyroid diseases. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2023;23(10).
65. Lomtadze N, Giorgadze E, Janjgava S, Kacharava T, Taboridze I. The relationship between insulin resistance and thyroid volume in Georgia. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2023;23(11).
66. Chigogidze M, Sharashidze N, Pagava Z, Taboridze I. The Correlation of Collateral Circulation and Age during Acute Ischemic Heart Disease. Eur Sci J. 2020;16(18):335-346.
67. Gujejiani L, Sharashidze N, Mamatsashvili M, Tvalchrelidze S, Taboridze I, et al. GENDER DIFFERENCES OF STENT IMPLANTATION COMPLICATIONS. ASSESSMENT OF ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME WITH ST ELEVATION. Eur Sci J. 2014;10(9).
68. Janashia G, Beselia K, Taboridze I. Complications and In-Hospital Mortality After On-Pump Vs Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting. Eur Sci J. 2018;14(14).
69. Taboridze I, Aladashvili L, Vardzukashvili I. Surgical Treatment of Scoliosis in Marfan Syndrome: A Case Report. In: 5th Eurasian Multidisciplinary Forum; 2017.
70. Tsiklauri MV, Taboridze II, Aladashvili LT. [Use of Lazegrin in the complex treatment of post-traumatic osteomyelitis in patients with hepatitis C]. Allergol Immunol. 2008;7(5). (Russian).
71. Beselia L, Tsintsadze M, Taboridze I. Evaluation of some diagnostic features of covid-19 in patients with comorbidities. Scientific Journal Spectri. 2024;9(1).
72. Beselia L, Tsintsadze M, Sakvarelidze I, Tsiklauri M, Gorgodze T, Taboridze I, et al. MORTALITY RISK ASSESSMENT AMONG PATIENTS, HOSPITALIZED FOR COVID-19. Georgian Med News. 2024;(3-4):60-67.
73. Rekhviashvili D, Chakhunashvili G, Megrelishvili N, Taboridze I. Type 1 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Diseases in Children (Literature Review). Scientific Journal Spectri. 2024;10(2).
74. Makharadze M, Sulukhia R, Megrelishvili N, Melia L, Taboridze I. Correlations between spontaneous abortions and patient's history, social-biological and environmental factors. Experimental and Clinical Medicine Georgia. 2019(2):17-9.
75. Gagoshidze M, Antelava M, Zedginidze A, Manjavidze N, Aladashvili L, Taboridze I. Evaluation of morbidity risk in school age children living under arsenic influence conditions and significance of micronuclei assays. ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH AND EDUCATION. 2005 Oct;5(4).
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