Type 1 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Diseases in Children (Literature Review)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52340/spectri.2024.10.01.10Keywords:
type 1 diabetes, cardiovascular risk, genetic factors, modifiable risk factors, pediatric populationAbstract
Background: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterized by the selective destruction of insulin-secreting beta cells in the pancreas. The exact mechanisms underlying T1D are not fully clarified; however, it is widely accepted that type 1 diabetes is caused by the combination of genetic and environmental factors. Individuals with T1D have an elevated risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and a reduced life expectancy.
Our research aims to review the interrelationship between type 1 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in children.
Methods:We performed a comprehensive literature search in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library (The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews) databases. Our search employed the following keywords and their combinations:
“type 1 diabetes”, “genetic predisposition”, “dyslipidemia in children”, “risk assessment”, “inflammatory response”
Results: A review of the literature showed that in children with T1D, modifiable cardiovascular risk factors include dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, obesity, insulin resistance, and sedentary lifestyle. Along with genetic predisposition, these factors determine the development of cardiovascular diseases.
Conclusions: Early identification and prevention of cardiovascular disease risk factors are necessary in children with T1D.
In addition, cardiovascular disease risk factors in children with T1D should be studied considering population-specific characteristics.
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