Iron Age Cemeteries from Southwestern Georgia

Abstract

Among the Iron Age archaeological sites discovered and studied in the territory of Ajara, the cemeteries of Khutsubani and Makhvilauri, dated to the 7th century BCE, stand out. Excavations have revealed both individual burials (such as those found in the village of Khutsubani) and collective graves (notably, the collective pit burial in the village of Makhvilauri). The grave goods are notably diverse. A wide range of ceramic vessels, bronze and iron agricultural and military tools have been uncovered. Various types of jewelry made from different materials have also been found, including numerous and varied beads. Additionally, items related to beliefs and rituals—particularly those associated with burial practices—have been discovered, providing valuable insight into the spiritual worldviews and funerary customs of the time.