APPROACH TO THE INFANT OR CHILD WITH NAUSEA AND VOMITING

APPROACH TO THE INFANT OR CHILD WITH NAUSEA AND VOMITING

Авторы

  • NINO SANODZE
  • NANO SHVANGIRADZE
  • TINATIN OVSEPHIAN

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52340/jecm.2022.06.008

Ключевые слова:

Infant, child, nausea, vomiting

Аннотация

Patients with acute vomiting, typically for hours to a few days, most often present to an emergency department, whereas patients with chronic symptoms are more often initially evaluated in outpatient office settings. Emergency department clinicians should expeditiously exclude life-threatening disorders such as bowel obstruction, diabetic ketoacidosis, adrenal crisis, toxic ingestion, or increased intracranial pressure (ICP).

In both urgent care and routine outpatient settings, the following three steps should generally be undertaken in patients with nausea and vomiting:

  • The etiology should be sought, taking into account the child's age and whether the nausea and vomiting are acute, chronic, or episodic.
  • The consequences or complications of nausea and vomiting (eg, fluid depletion, hypokalemia, and metabolic alkalosis) should be identified and corrected.
  • Targeted therapy should be provided when possible (eg, surgery for bowel obstruction or insulin for diabetic ketoacidosis). In other cases, the symptoms should be treated.

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Библиографические ссылки

Merke DP, Auchus RJ. Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Due to 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency. N Engl J Med 2020; 383:1248.

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ES: Clinical practice guideline on congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency (2018)

Li B U.K. Nausea, vomiting and pyloric stenosis. In: Pediatric Gastrointestinal Disease, 5th Ed, Kleinman RE, Goulet OJ (Eds), BC Decker Inc, Ontario 2008. Vol 1, p.127.

Mohinuddin S, Sakhuja P, Bermundo B, et al. Outcomes of full-term infants with bilious vomiting: observational study of a retrieved cohort. Arch Dis Child 2015; 100:14.

Rosen R, Vandenplas Y, Singendonk M, et al. Pediatric Gastroesophageal Reflux Clinical Practice Guidelines: Joint Recommendations of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (NASPGHAN) and the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (ESPGHAN). J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2018.

Niedzielski J, Kobielski A, Sokal J, Krakós M. Accuracy of sonographic criteria in the decision for surgical treatment in infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. Arch Med Sci 2011; 7:508.

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Загрузки

Опубликован

2022-09-06

Как цитировать

SANODZE, N. ., SHVANGIRADZE, N. ., & OVSEPHIAN, T. . (2022). APPROACH TO THE INFANT OR CHILD WITH NAUSEA AND VOMITING . Experimental and Clinical Medicine Georgia, (6). https://doi.org/10.52340/jecm.2022.06.008

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