ნიტროფურანები და მათი მეტაბოლიტები საკვებ პროდუქტებში
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52340/jecm.2022.06.16საკვანძო სიტყვები:
nitrofurans, metabolites, foodანოტაცია
ნიტროფურანები (ფურაზოლიდონი, ფურალტადონი, ნიტროფურანტიონი, ნიტროფურა-ზონი), მიეკუთვნება ფართო სპექტრის სინთეზურ ანტიბიოტიკებს, რომლებიც გამოიყენებოდა მეცხოველეობაში, აქვაკულტურაში და მეფუტკრეობაში გასტრო-ინტესტინალური ინფექციების პრევენციისთვის. მათ იყენებდნენ აგრეთვე ზრდის სტიმულაციის მიზნით საკვები დანამატების სახით. 1995 წელს ევროკავშირში ნიტროფურანების გამოყენება ვეტერინარიაში აიკრძალა საკვებ პროდუქტებში მათი ნარჩენების კანცეროგენური და ადამიანის ორგანიზმზე პოტენციური მავნე გავლენის საშიშროების გამო. ევროკავშირში ნიტროფურანების უკანონო გამოყენება კონტროლდება ოფიციალური საინსპექციო და ანალიზური სამსახურების მიერ. ევროსაბჭოს 96/23/ЕС დირექტივების მოთხოვნების შესაბამისად, ნიტროფურანების შემცველობა ცოცხალ ცხოველებსა და ცხოველური წარმოშობის სურსათში კონტროლდება საქართველოს მთავრობის დადგენილებითაც, თუმცა ნიტროფურანებისა და მათი ნარჩენების მონიტორინგის მიზნით დღეისათვის ძირითადად გამოიყენება ანალიზის სკრინინგული, იმუნოფერმენტული მეთოდი. ევროსაბჭოს მიერ დადგენილი ახალი, მკაცრი რეგულაციების და ანალიზური მეთოდების ვალიდაციის მიმართ განსაზღვრული მოთხოვნების გათვალისწინებით, აუცილებელია საკვებ პროდუქტში ნიტროფურანების ნარჩენების განსაზღვრისთვის მაღალმგრძნობიარე სპეციფიკური ანალიზის მეთოდების შემუშავება, შემუშავებული მეთოდის საშუალებით სხვადასხვა მატრიცაში ნარჩენების განსაზღვრისთვის ექსტრაგირების კოეფიციენტების გამოთვლა და შემუშავებული მეთოდის ვალიდაცია.
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5th Updated and Revised Edition of the EU Food Safety Almanac, 2021, Publisher: German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany www.bfr.bund.de/en Editors: Kei Udagawa, Alina Berendsohn, Dr. Wenna Xu, Julia Schöne,Dr. Majlinda Lahaniatis, PD Dr. Gaby-Fleur Böl, Dr. Nicole Gollnick
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