INFLUENCE OF TROPOSPHERE OZONE ON RESPIRATORY, CARDIOVASCULAR AND CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES (LITERATURE REVIEW)

Abstract

Air pollution has many detrimental effects on health and contributes to the development of a number of pathologies and diseases of the lungs. New data indicate that the impact of air pollution has an epigenetic mark, DNA methylation. Exposure to ozone causes irritation, airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), airway inflammation, and destruction of the alveoli (emphysema), damaging the gas exchange surface in the lungs in humans and mice. Exposure to a single high dose of ozone (1 ppm per 1 h) results in the first rupture of the bronchial epithelium with leakage of serum proteins into the broncho-alveolar space within 2 hours, disruption of the epithelium, and cell death. Experimental evidence has shown that particles and ozone-two common contaminants, with different characteristics and reactivity, can activate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis as part of the corticosteroids, part of the glucocorticoid corticosteroids in human corticosteroids. It is widely known that suspended air pollution in moist air is this "smog". It is composed of dust particles of various sizes, as well as non-metallic oxides, organic compounds and heavy metals. Exposure to harmful substances in the air - one of the modifiable factors in the development of respiratory diseases.