Supral poems in Literature (Byron, Al. Chavchavadze) and in Music ( Metkhoveni, Verdi)

Abstract

Drinking verse songs in the literature (Byron, Aleksander Chavchavadze) and in the music (Beethoven, Verdi).The origins of Drinking verse songs date back to the ancient era, which meant experiencing drinking and a joyful song. A prominent Greek lyric poet Alcaeus was the first figure who composed “Drinking Songs” (“Scolions”); he tried to seek the way how to alleviate grief of being defeated in the political arena; taking wine was the only way to feel a sense of relief from despair. Drinking songs were popular in Europe before the spread of Christianity, when drunkenness and its apology were considered morally deficient.  Revolutions and complicated socio-political events in Europe and strive for alcoholism of the mid-eighteenth century encouraged the   establishment of the “Société des observateurs de l’homme“in Paris at the end of the 18th century.  At that period, the drinking verse songs appeared.The theme of Scottish folk songs developed with famous English poets and European composers. This one became especially popular after the release of Ludwig van Beethoven's collection of Scottish poems (published in 1818 in Edinburgh and in 1822 in Germany). The collection was intended for musical works. It also included a few drinking songs. One of the works is Beethoven's "Music, Love and Wine" (lyrics by William Smith), which was translated into many languages ​​and became one of the most popular songs in Europe. Probably that is why Verdi's opera "La Traviata" appeared on the stage of the ball-masquerade as well. One verse written by the English Romantic poet George Gordon Byron (1788-1824), “Oh, Had My Fate Been Join’d With Thine " was added to the same collection, in which the poet expressed his feelings for being away from his girlfriend, and the feelings were compared to alcohol addiction. Wine enables us to perceive the environment differently. At this time, a person forgets everything and all around him looks better. Because of the political vicissitudes that Byron suffered severely and what became the excuse for his subsequent departure from England forever; both   a feeling of utter despair and betrayal of his beloved and friends were kept in the poet’s soul and the only relief the poet found was wine to ease. In addition, Byron also wrote the “Drinking song” named " Fill The Goblet Again” in 1809.Scottish verse songs formed the basis of a collection of Scottish songs by the great German composer Ludwig van Beethoven in Edinburgh (1818), which included Scottish drinking songs, one of which formed the basis of popular musical works in Europe.A- 19^th- century verse by Aleksander Chavchavadze (1786-1846) named “Mukhambazi Lataiuri”, which again belongs to the type of drinking song, has been the subject of research by literary critics for almost a century. The present article is dedicated to the popularity of drinking songs in Europe including its origins and an attempt to study its actualization.