Phraseological units as an important constituent of the lexical fund

Abstract

The paper deals with the review of phraseological elements and their role in the learning/teaching process. Many interesting examples are reviewed, which makes clear the necessity of studying their meanings. Cognitive linguistics has played an important role in the perception of phraseological units. It was formed in the 80s of the twentieth century as a kind of approach in the process of overcoming the seclusion  of  the language. The cognitive paradigm examines and considers language not as an isolated fact, but as an integral part of cognition. Phraseological units are solid utterances that include signs as  characteristics of this or that culture, its customs, worldview, traditions, beliefs, etc. The process of learning a language is inconceivable, and even impossible by ignoring phraseological units. By studying them, it is possible to better study and perceive a specific culture. In addition, phraseological units significantly increase the lexical fund of the language and make it more diverse and impressive.The close interdependence of language and culture has a significant impact on the vocabulary of the language. Not only the observation of culture helps us to study/perceive language, but  also the language  helps us to explain some cultural phenomena. Phraseology was formed within the framework of lexicology and now it is established as an independent discipline, phraseological units are formed from free word agreements and structurally correlate them. The internal form is the motivated meaning of the phraseological unit. However, in the modern language, the internal form can be unmotivated as well. Phraseological units by their internal nature show a significant similarity with words: they are produced in conversation and have  characteristic  features of the entire construction, correspond to one or another part of speech, perform the function of a member of a sentence and have a stylistic marking.