MEDIA SYSTEMS OF UKRAINE AND TURKEY: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52340/tuw.2024.37.01.38საკვანძო სიტყვები:
mass media, media, media sphere, media system of Ukraine and Turkeyანოტაცია
The article provides a comparative analysis of the media systems of Ukraine and Turkey. The political context, the interaction of mass media with the authorities in both countries is considered. The author's choice of countries is due to the lack of freedom of speech in Turkey and the risks for freedom of speech in Ukraine in wartime conditions. It was found that the media sphere is more tightly controlled in Turkey than in Ukraine.
The article analyzes the Turkish media sphere, identifies the main stages of strengthening government control over mass media. Since 2016, after the coup attempt, opposition media have been banned. Since 2018, the powers of the President of Turkey have been expanded, which was also reflected in the work of the mass media. Since 2019, control over traditional and digital media has been strengthened, licensing has been introduced. In 2022, a law on the fight against terrorism and disinformation was adopted. It is used when considering the actions of individual journalists. Thus, Turkey is moving towards increased control over freedom of speech.
The Ukrainian media sphere has been studied. Successful steps were noted (the adoption of the new law "On Media", the work of the public broadcasting media group). Problems that need to be solved were also noted (quality and quick investigation of crimes against journalists, reducing the influence of oligarchs). In the conditions of war, Ukraine continues to slowly move towards the protection of people's rights and freedoms, even in conditions of war. The needs of defense are understood by many mass media, and they adapt to new working conditions.
The media systems of Ukraine and Turkey differ in the level of freedom of speech and freedom of the press, as they are in different social and political conditions. The Ukrainian media landscape is more diverse, in Turkey the media sphere is controlled by the authorities. Ukraine is taking a course to protect freedom of speech; the authoritarian regime is strengthening in Turkey.
##plugins.generic.usageStats.downloads##
წყაროები
Bairachna, 2015: - Bairachna Larysa. Mass media as a tool of legitimation of state power. Information and law. 2015. № 3 (15). P. 27-35. (in Ukrainian)
Vertsa, Mat, 2020: - Vertsa Sofiia, Mat Fazila. Media in Turkey: a testing ground for censorship and control. European journalism observatory. 03.12.2020. URL: https://ua.ejo-online.eu/5146/media-i-politika/freedom-of-expression-censorship-turkey (in Ukrainian)
Hrudka, 2016: - Hrudka Orysia. Media between politics and society. Ukrainska pravda. 19.08.2016. URL: https://www.pravda.com.ua/columns/2016/08/19/7118132/ (in Ukrainian)
Maksymchuk, Bondar, 2020: - Maksymchuk Olena Viktorivni, Bondar Svitlana Stanislavivna. The role of the mass media in the formation of political myths. Actual problems of politics. 2020. Issue 65. P. 49-54. (in Ukrainian)
Nedbai, 2014: - Nedbai Viacheslav. New possibilities and challenges of mass media influence political life in the information age. Ukrainian science: past, present, future. 2014. Issue 19. Part 1. P. 313-318. (in Ukrainian)
Opryshko, 2023: - Opryshko Dariia. Accession to the EU: what else should Ukraine do in the field of media on this path. Zmina. 21.11.2023. URL: https://zmina.info/articles/vstup-do-yes-shho-shhe-povynna-zrobyty-ukrayina-u-sferi-media-na-czomu-shlyahu/ (in Ukrainian)
Pronoza, 2020: - Pronoza Inna Ivanivna. Mass media and communication in the information war as a modern political practice.. Politykus. 2020. № 3. P. 65-69. (in Ukrainian)
Snopok, 2023: - Snopok Olha. Censorship - a helper or a hindrance: an overview of the Turkish media system.. Opora. 12.05.2023. URL: https://www.oporaua.org/polit_ad/tsenzura-pomichnik-chi-pereshkoda-ogliad-turetskoyi-mediasistemi-24709 (in Ukrainian)
Zakon Ukrainy, 2022: - About media: Law of Ukraine dated December 13, 2022. № 2849-IX. Information of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2849-20#Text (in Ukrainian)
Ukrinform, 2024: - Ukrainian journalism: ten years of development in times of war. Ukrinform.. 08.08.2024. URL: https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-society/3872042-ukrainska-zurnalistika-desat-rokiv-rozvitku-v-casi-vijni.html (in Ukrainian)
Turkey, Freedom House, 2023: - Turkey. Freedom in the world 2023 Country Report. URL: https://freedomhouse.org/country/turkey/freedom-world/2023
Turkey, Freedom House, 2024: - Turkey. Freedom in the world 2024 Country Report. URL: https://freedomhouse.org/country/turkey/freedom-world/2024
Türkiye, Reporters without borders: - Türkiye. Reporters without borders. URL: https://rsf.org/en/country-t%C3%BCrkiye
Ukraine, Freedom House, 2022: - Ukraine. Freedom in the world 2022 Country Report. URL: https://freedomhouse.org/uk/country/ukraine/freedom-world/2022
Ukraine, Freedom House, 2023: - Ukraine. Freedom in the world 2023 Country Report. URL: https://freedomhouse.org/uk/country/ukraine/freedom-world/2023
Ukraine, Reporters without borders: - Ukraine. Reporters without borders. URL: https://rsf.org/en/index
ჩამოტვირთვები
გამოქვეყნებული
როგორ უნდა ციტირება
გამოცემა
სექცია
