PROTECTED AREAS AND NATURAL LANDSCAPES – AN ESSENTIAL FACTOR FOR SUSTANABLE DEVELOPMENT OF ECOTURISM IN MOUNTAINOUS REGIONS

Abstract

Development of ecotourism requires providing conditions for creating reserves, national parks and other protected areas, which are the main objects of ecotourism of nowadays in Georgia. At present the country counts 90 different statuses of protected areas. Preserving them in their natural form and using their potential for ecotourism is of high significance nowadays. There is a tight relation between tourism and environment. Unaffected nature provides adequate quality of life for local tourists, whereas for foreign travelers it is an incentive to visit Georgia to see the natural monuments of the country. The paper shows the significance of protected areas in the development of ecotourism in Georgia on the example of two mountainous regions – Guria and Racha. The work considers a scientifically corroborated hypothesis that there is a great potential of transforming the first newly formed protected area in Guria – Pontine Oak Reserve and the high quality landscapes (mixed and dark-coniferous forests and sub-alpine meadows) on the territory of adjacent (4 km distance) resort Bakhmaro and its vicinities into national park in the future. The work shows that against the background of planned protected areas, there is a resource potential in Racha, which will enable to create a category of protected areas in the near future in the region. It, in its turn, will provide improvement of social-economic conditions of the region. For the fulfillment of the work we used the material of field expeditions and observations carried out in 2009-2016 in resort Bakhmaro and its vicinities and in 2019 in Racha.