გახანგრძლივებული QT ინტერვალის სინდრომი

Abstract

 Long QT interval syndrome (LQT) is a heterogeneous group of cardiac electrophysiological disorders characterized by prolongation of the QT interval and T-tooth abnormalities on the ECG. It is usually associated with syncope, however, it can cause sudden cardiac death due to torsade de pointes-type ventricular tachycardia. LQT is a clinical diagnosis and should be suspected based on clinical presentation, family history, and ECG features. Its management is focused on preventing syncope and ultimately sudden death. Treatment includes lifestyle modification, beta blockers, and ICD implantation are most important in the proper management of patients with LQT. There is a need to raise awareness of possible circumstances that may increase the risk of QT prolongation. Age, hypokalemia, history of heart failure, and structural heart disease are often cited in this context. An accurate assessment of the condition is required before recommending ICD implantation in a young, active patient. Medical and/or device therapy remains an important therapeutic approach in the management of patients with LQT. Bench-to-bedside insights have helped to advance better therapeutic strategies. In addition, continued progress in the fundamental understanding of the mechanisms of ion channel function and the knowledge of drug interactions on the channels is a prerequisite for success in the treatment of LQT.