Advances in Rhinoplasty: Techniques, Outcomes, and Evolving Approaches

ანოტაცია

Rhinoplasty is one of the most commonly performed facial plastic surgical procedures and has evolved significantly over recent decades from a primarily cosmetic operation to a more functional, patient-centred and evidence-based procedure. Modern rhinoplasty focuses not only on aesthetic refinement, but also on airway preservation, functional restoration and individualized surgical planning. This review discusses the fundamentals of rhinoplasty including open and closed techniques, osteotomies, grafting methods and dorsal preservation approaches, along with associated complications and revision surgery. Current evidence regarding patient-reported outcome measures, particularly the Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation (ROE) scale, highlights the increasing importance of patient satisfaction and functional outcomes in determining surgical success. Technological advances such as piezosurgery, artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning and 3D simulation have further transformed rhinoplasty planning and perioperative management by improving precision, visualization and patient communication. Despite these developments, limitations remain regarding long-term evidence, cost-effectiveness and standardized outcome reporting. Overall, rhinoplasty continues to progress towards a more predictable, minimally invasive and personalized procedure driven by both technological innovation and patient-centred care.