Some Possibilities for the Formation of a Writer's Individual Style in Georgian (based on the works of Davit Turdospireli)

Abstract

A short prose work, which is mainly characterized by a small number of characters, concise storytelling, and, in many cases, an unexpected ending, requires great experience and skill from the writer. Observation has shown that Davit Turdospireli often conveys the main idea in one meaningful word and offers it as a title. In such cases, different forms of nouns are mainly used: „წიწაკა“ [tsitsaka] (Pepper);,,ბუხარი“ [bukhari] (fireplace);  ,,მეძავები“ [medzavebi] (prostitutes); ,დარბაზში“ [darbazshi] (in the hall); ,,დღესასწაულზე“ [dghesaswaulze] (At the celebration);  ,,ყვავილთა შორის“ [kvavilta shoris] (Among the flowers);,,ომიანობანა“ [omianoba] (Warfare); ,,ხეტიალი“ [khetiali] (wondering)...

The uniqueness and specificity of verb functioning as predicate in the Georgian language allow writers to use them as titles, conveying the main idea through simple or compound verb-adverb forms: „ვიხარხარებდი“ [vikharkharebdi] (I would have been roaring with laughter);  „დაიგვიანე“ [daigviane] (You are late); The verb functioning as predicate creates a highly productive two-part model with a noun, and sometimes with an adverb: ,,მოცქრიალებს გაზაფხული“ [motsqrialebs gazapkhuli] (Spring is shimmering); “მიდიან ნისლები“ [midian nislebi] (The mist is leaving); „გაჩერდა ჟამი“ [gacherda jami] (Time has stopped); ,,მე შეგაეშხე“ [me shegaeshkhe] (I have gifted you the oomph); ,,შინ მიჰყავთ“ [shin mihkavt] (They are taking [him/her] home) ... ... Models of prepositional (and rarely postpositional) constructions that define and limit adjectives and nouns are also frequently confirmed as titles: „მჭკნარს ფოთლებთან“ [mtchknars poTlebTan] (Withered with the leaves); ,,გაწყვეტილი ზღაპარი“ [gatskvetili zghapari] (A broken fairy tale); ,,სიხარული უმწვერვალესი“' [sikharuli umtsvervalesi] (The greatest joy)... Relatively less – pronoun + noun model: ჩვენი ბინა" [chveni bina] (our apartment) და "ჩემი ულტიმატუმი" [ჩემი ულტიმატუმი] (my ultimatum). However, the noun-based two-part and mixed (three-part, sometimes more) models clearly dominate: ,,ყურძნის ქურდები“; ,,ტყის ხანძარი“; ,,გულების სამრეცხაო“; ,,ობლის კვერი“... "ყურძნის ქურდები" [kurdznis qurdebi] (Grape thieves), "ტყის ხანძარი" [tkis khandzari] (Forest fire), "გულების სამრეცხაო" [gulebis samretskhao] (Heart laundromat), და "ობლის კვერი" [ობლის კვერი] (Orphan's bread).

It is noteworthy that titles expressed with proper names, specifically the names of people, surnames, or pseudonyms, are common: „ამირანი“ [amirani] (Amirani),  „ბეგლარ ახოსპირელი“ [beglar akhospireli] (Beglar Akhospireli)",  ,,ძეძვია“ [dzedzvia] (Dzedzvia)... In some cases, proper names function as determiners or boundaries: „შოთას სინანული“ [shotas sinanuli] (Shota's Repentance),  ,,მწყემსი გოგია“ [mtskemsi gogia] (Shepherd Gogia)... When studying the characteristics of these titles, it was found that, although less frequently, numerical names also appear: „ორი ბექობი“ [ori beqobi] (Two Hillock),  ,,პირველი დავალება“ [pirveli davaleba] (The First Assignment),  ,,შვიდაბაზიან ოთახში“ (shvidbazian otakhshi) (In the Seven-Sided Room)... In certain cases, titles are not individual words or phrases, but complete sentences with or without expansion, containing a verb: ,,მოცქრიალებს გაზაფხული“ [motsqrialebs gazapkhuli] (Spring is shimmering), ,,იებისაც კი ეშინიანთ“ [iebisats ki eshiniat] (Even the Violets Are Afraid),  ,,წერილი მისწერეს პოეტს“ [tserili mistseres poets] (The Letter Was Sent to the Poet)... One group consists of character-based titles, which inform the reader, even before reading the work, about who or what the text is about: ,,დავით და კონსტანტინე“ [davit da konstantine] (David and Konstantine),  ,,მწყემსი გოგია” [mtskemsi gogia] (Shepherd Gogia)… It is noteworthy that the direct expression of texts as titles, originating from a character's spoken phrase, is significant. Authors attempt to evoke expression by turning the character's exclamation at a moment of emotion or climax into the title: „ბულბულის სტვენით გეძახდი!“ [bulbulis stvenit gedzakhdi] (I Called You with the Nightingale's Song!); „შემოდგომის მწუხრს დავიბადე!“ [shemodgomis mtsukhrs davibade] (I Was Born at the Dusk of Autumn!);  It is known that a title can be emotionally neutral in meaning or emotionally charged. One of the signals of its realization is the use of interjections: ,,ვაშა გაღვიძებულ სიცოცხლეს“ [vasha gaghvidzebul sitsotskhles] (Hurrah to the Awakened Life!); ,,ახ, რას უზამ ამ ლაწირაკებს!“ [akh, ras uzam am latsirakebs] (Ah, what will I do to these Rascals!)...  One of the means of emphasizing the expressiveness of a title is the case of lexical repetition: „არ ვეურჩებით, არ ვეურჩებით“ [ar veurchebit, ar veurchebit] (We Don’t Disobey, We Don’t Disobey); „გცივა, გცივა“ [gtsiva, gtsiva] (Are You Cold, Are You Cold?); „ამოუცნობი ვარ, ამოუცნობი“ [amoutsnobi var, amoutsnobi] (I Am Unknowable, I Am Unknowable)...

A detailed review of titles gives us the opportunity to freely define the writer’s thematic choices – about whom or what they wrote, what concerns the writer had, and more. Our interest, based on them, is to create a linguocultural paradigm—to explore what the writer writes for future generations and how; what are the concepts that must have an eternal reflection in the Georgian mentality; what should people/young people be prepared for in life?!

Logically, the question arises: What is the writer's language like? What linguistic tools does he use to give substance to his message and attract the reader? David Turdospireli’s texts are rich in such possibilities. The most notable is his lexicon, which stands out for its abundance and diversity. Even with a quick glance, it clearly demonstrates the writer’s unparalleled range—there is a harmonious coexistence of synonyms, original word constructions, repetition, creation and formation, colloquial/dialectical forms, and archaic vocabulary. This, in turn, determines the semantic richness of their emotional field, their artistry, and the precision with which ideas are expressed.