THE NATIONAL REVIVAL OF UKRAINIAN EDUCATION IN KHARKIV DURING THE NAZI OCCUPATION

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to study the peculiarities of the revival and development of national education during the Nazi occupation regime in Kharkiv. Conclusions. National education during the Nazi occupation of Kharkiv experienced difficult times. On the one hand, it was developed by the local community, which tried to update the education of youth, relying on their beliefs, and on the other hand, it was hindered by the Nazis, who had a polar vision and aimed to use only specialists in the industrial sector that was beneficial to them. Thus, it can be stated that the aspirations of Ukrainians in the field of education can be considered to be of little success. The main reason for this should be viewed as the short-term nature of their activities – only two years. If we talk about the Ukrainian context of education at the primary, secondary, and higher levels, then it did not successfully create and implement a new national education. However, education was conducted in the Ukrainian language (as is known, language plays a significant role in forming national consciousness). In Kharkiv, the commandant’s office banned almost all educational initiatives of the Dolenko group – from educational programs to the opening of a high school and the printing of textbooks. The approved programs for elementary school and courses from "Prosvita" did not meet their expectations in forming national consciousness in youth, especially children. Higher education became the most problematic. Some higher education institutions could still start teaching but with interruptions, inadequate funding, lack of students, and several other reasons.