SYNCOPE (SEVERAL CASES FROM CLINICAL PRACTICE)

Abstract

The following article briefly reviews the concept of syncope and its various forms, with particular emphasis on arrhythmogenic causes. Three clinical cases from medical practice are presented to illustrate different cardiac rhythm disturbances associated with syncope.

In the first case, syncope resulted from the sudden onset of a complete atrioventricular block with a markedly reduced ventricular rate of 23 beats per minute, confirmed by electrocardiography (ECG given). Due to the severity of bradycardia, the patient required urgent implantation of a permanent pacemaker.

The second case describes the sudden development of atrial flutter with 2:1 atrioventricular conduction, accompanied by a pulse rate of 161 beats per minute. After appropriate diagnostic evaluation and treatment, the patient’s clinical condition improved, heart rhythm became more stable, arterial blood pressure normalized, and the patient was discharged home after several days.

In the third case, the patient was brought in from the street with bradysystolic atrial fibrillation (his ECG is provided). Following the necessary diagnostic procedures and treatment, the patient was referred to the cardiac electrophysiologist (arrhythmology specialist or arrhythmologist). To prevent potential complications and improve clinical status, a permanent pacemaker was implanted.

These cases highlight the importance of timely recognition of arrhythmogenic causes of syncope and appropriate management, including pacemaker implantation when indicated.