APPROACHES TO PRIMARY AND SECONDARY PREVENTION OF GASTRIC CANCER (A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52340/jecm.2024.04.05Keywords:
Gastric cancer, prevention, Helicobacter pylori, literature reviewAbstract
Introduction: Gastric cancer (GC) remains the fifth most common cancer globally.
Methods: We conducted a systematic review of the literature by searching electronic databases including Scopus, PubMed, and Cochrane Reviews. Using the search terms "Helicobacter pylori", "gastric cancer", and "screening", we searched for scientific publications on gastric cancer prevention, published between 2000 and 2023.
Results. Studies show that screening and treatment of H. pylori can reduce the incidence of stomach cancer by 35%. In high-incidence countries, population-based strategies for early diagnosis along with H. pylori testing and treatment programs have been used effectively to reduce the morbidity and mortality of GC. Early detection of pre-cancer disorders is very important, to offer less invasive treatment to patients.
Conclusions. Current practice focuses on eradication of H. pylori in symptomatic individuals, and endoscopic screening is recommended for groups at significantly increased risk of GC. High-risk groups include first-generation immigrants from high-incidence countries (East Asian, Eastern European, and Latin American countries) and individuals with a family history of gastric cancer in first-degree relatives.
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