EATING DISORDERS AND DEMENTIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52340/jecm.2023.06.19Keywords:
dementia, dysphagia, malnutritionAbstract
Purpose: The purpose of our research was to study the specificity of the mechanism of eating disorders and the necessity of its correction.
Methods: 77 patients with a diagnosis of dementia admitted to the palliative clinic "Palmedi" in 2022-2023 were studied. 58 patients (76.3%) had eating disorders, 30 of them had dysphagia (39.0%, group DED); Dysphagia was not confirmed in 28 (36.4% - group DE). 19 patients with current dementia without eating disorder constituted the control group. Dementia severity was assessed by the CDR scale [17], mental status examination by the MMSE [18], and functional activity was assessed by the FAST scale [19]. The presence of eating disorders was diagnosed with EdFED-Q [20] and MNA-SF [21] questionnaires.
Results: Disordered eating habits assessed by the EdFED questionnaire were significantly more severe in the group of patients with dysphagia, eating disorders and dementia compared to the control group (t=6.7, p<0.001). When evaluated by the MNA-SF scale, only the fact that malnutrition is significantly more pronounced in the group of patients with dysphagia, eating disorders and dementia compared to the control group (t=6.5, p<0.001) and the group of patients with eating disorders and dementia without dysphagia has changed. compared (t=4.8, p<0.001). Dementia assessment with CDR scale showed that the DED score in the group was significantly lower compared to the DE (t=7.3, p<0.001) and control group (t=9.3, p<0.001). The CDR score of the group of patients with eating disorders and dementia without dysphagia does not differ significantly from the similar indicator of the control group (t=2.3, p=0.099).
Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that eating disorders aggravate the degree of dementia. If dysphagia is added to these disorders, the degree of dementia becomes even more severe. The results of the study also show that when assessing eating disorders, it is necessary to assess both the habits and the degree of malnutrition.
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