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Аннотация
Nosocomial pneumonia is a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. Gram-negative bacteria are one of the main causative agents of nosocomial pneumonia. The extended-spectrum b-lactamases - ESBLs found in these bacteria play an important role in the formation of multidrug resistance. Their prevalence depends on the geographic region, type of infection, and other factors. We studied the profile of bacteria isolated from patients with nosocomial pneumonia and the distribution of ESBLs. A total of 158 strains of seven bacterial species were identified (P. aeruginosa, A. baumannii, K. pneumoniae, Enterobacter spp., S. aureus, S. Pneumoniae, and E. coli). P. aeruginosa infection was the most common (31.01%). Gram-negative bacteria were isolated three times more (77.21%) than gram-positive bacteria (22.78%). The prevalence of ESBLs was determined in 38.52% of cases, which were detected with the highest frequency in P. aeruginosa strains (38.29%). This result indicates a diverse spectrum of bacteria isolated from patients with nosocomial pneumonia, in which ESBLs are quite common as determinants of resistance. Prompt identification of the etiological agent in patients with nosocomial pneumonia facilitates proper monitoring of the infection and determining the optimal treatment strategy.
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