Aggressive geopolitics and questions about the theory of space

Abstract

            In the 21st century, no nation is immune from the problem of forced displacement, and many countries and communities are showing extraordinary generosity and compassion towards those who are forced to flee. However, the distribution of refugees around the world is still significantly skewed towards less affluent regions. Nearly 90% of UN-mandated refugees live in low- and middle-income countries, often very close to situations of conflict. Countries that are among the least developed host a quarter of all refugees in the world. The international refugee protection system developed after World War II was designed to respond to the potentially destabilizing effects of population displacement. International solidarity and responsibility-sharing are essential but often elusive elements of this system, vital to protecting the rights of refugees wherever they are, as well as providing support to host countries. At a time when solidarity and responsibility-sharing are needed more than ever, states are concerned about the security concerns of international terrorism and are once again focusing on border controls. Hostility towards foreigners is on the rise in many countries, and physical and legal barriers designed to prevent irregular migration affect many people who are trying to find security. As the authors of this Handbook attempt to explain, border management and refugee protection are not mutually exclusive. States can and should put in place robust mechanisms to identify individuals in need of protection, just as they can and should identify individuals who may pose a security threat. On the other hand, it should be noted that the states themselves are the cause of conflicts, since aggressive geopolitics leads to wars, changes in borders, and sometimes the creation of new states and, accordingly, people are forced to leave their homes. In the study of international relations, the question of interleaving, refugees and their new space has arisen, which causes new conflicts in the new space. In the theory of territories and space, there are several views on these issues, the coverage of these issues is the task of the presented article.