MOLECULAR ASPECTS OF SOME RETINAL DISEASES

Abstract

Diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration are eye diseases most likely to lead to blindness. The success of diagnosis, prevention, treatment and proper management largely depends on a deep knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of these pathologies. Analyzing the available data, it is established that their pathogenesis is complex were retinal neurovascular damage is the main component, which includes inflammatory, ischemic, immune, neurodegenerative changes, taking into account the important role of oxidative stress. The trigger of the pathological process in DR is the deleterious effect of high glucose concentration, and in the case of AMD, a number of metabolic changes occur with age. New data on the biochemical mechanisms of these diseases may be the basis for more effective and modern therapeutic modalities in ophthalmological practice.