Production and Study of Innovative Biomedical Materials Based on Bone Ash

Abstract

The aim of the research was to obtain bioactive glass based on traditional glass-making technology using bone ash as the primary raw material, due to its complex content of P₂O₅ and CaO. It was established that by using rock crystal, chalk, soda, and bone ash as raw materials, it is possible to synthesize bioactive glass with a 45S5 composition at a temperature of 1340 ± 20°C. The resulting glasses tend to crystallize at 800–1000°C, forming a glass-crystalline material characterized by the emergence of Na₂Ca₂(SiO₃) crystalline phases and a bioactive matrix glass enriched with P₂O₅.

The bioactive glass and glass-crystalline material obtained through this innovative methodology and raw material base demonstrated characteristic properties (compressive strength, chemical stability, density, porosity) in compliance with the requirements of ISO 13175-3:2015 standard. The economic efficiency of the resulting biomaterials, their simplified production technology, and their performance characteristics may be considered determining factors for the feasibility of their production and application.